David Hammond wrote:
Aside from the open space for nosing at the top of the glass, and the open space for swirling at the bottom, what can account for differences in tastes between difference glasses? I would propose that the rim is critical as it channels the flow of wine to parts of the palate that are well-suited to respond to the flavor.
Years ago, at Todd & Holland Tea Merchants, Bill Todd had me try the same tea in several different tea cups. The taste of the tea was different with different cups for reasons that I suspect had nothing to do with either the space at the top or bottom nor the materials used in the construction of the cup.
I'm no expert, but I think there are three key elements of a glass design that affect the taste of a wine:
1. The rim + shape of the glass are designed to channel the wine to the right part of the tongue.
2. Different glass shapes allow different amounts of wine to be exposed to the air. Remember when champagne seemed to be commonly served in shallow glasses, rather than flutes? More surface area = more bubbles = champagne that goes flat faster.
3. The various glass shapes also affect how we smell the wine, which influences taste.